| Spectral type | A0V |
| Teff (pole) | 10 060 K |
| Teff (equator) | 7 900 K |
| Requatorial | 2.818 R☉ |
| Rpolar | 2.362 R☉ |
| Oblateness | 0.162 |
| veq | ∼274 km/s |
| Period | ∼17 h |
| Luminosity | 37 L☉ |
| Mass | 2.14 M☉ |
| Distance | 7.68 pc (25 ly) |
| Inclination | ∼5° (pole-on) |
| Debris disk | 80–200 AU |
Oblate geometry: vertex shader deforms the unit sphere into an oblate spheroid and recomputes the ellipsoidal normal analytically.
Gravity darkening (von Zeipel): Tlocal varies from Tpole at the poles to ~0.76 Tpole at the equator. The falloff exponent n controls the sharpness of the transition.
Debris disk: stylised ring representing Vega’s warm dust disk, first discovered by IRAS in 1983.